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ESO Y2 · Mathematics
Numbers · Rational numbers

Fractions. Equivalent fractions

Two players in a video game progress through games with different total numbers of levels. One has completed $42$ out of $60$ levels; the other has completed the same proportion, but in a game with $90$ levels in total. How many has the second player completed? To work it out you need to master equivalent fractions.

Before you start, make sure you know: Highest common factor (1st ESO)
Before you start, make sure you know: The concept of a fraction (1st ESO)

Equivalent fractions and cross products

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In a video game, you collected $45$ coins out of a total of $60$ available in the level. On the other hand, your brother collected $15$ out of a total of $20$ in his…

In a video game, you collected $45$ coins out of a total of $60$ available in the level. On the other hand, your brother collected $15$ out of a total of $20$ in his game.

Use the cross-products rule to check whether the two fractions of coins collected are equivalent.

Solve
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Two graphic designers are working with grids to create a logo. The first designer has shaded $\frac{12}{20}$ of their grid, while the second has shaded $\frac{18}{30}$…

Two graphic designers are working with grids to create a logo. The first designer has shaded $\frac{12}{20}$ of their grid, while the second has shaded $\frac{18}{30}$ of theirs. Look at the following graphic representations and explain whether both have shaded the same proportion of area, by checking whether the fractions are equivalent.

Two rectangular grids: the first with 20 cells, 12 of them shaded in blue, and the second with 30 cells, 18 of them shaded in green 12 20 18 30
Solve

Scaling up and simplifying

Visual comparison using divided bars showing that two fifths is equivalent to six fifteenths when multiplying by three. 2/5 6/15 (×3)
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A group of friends is comparing the success of their social media posts. Lucía says that $2$ out of every $5$ followers liked her latest photo. a) Write down the…

A group of friends is comparing the success of their social media posts. Lucía says that $2$ out of every $5$ followers liked her latest photo.

  1. a) Write down the fraction of "likes" for Lucía.
  2. b) Find an equivalent fraction by multiplying both terms by $3$.
  3. c) Find another equivalent fraction if Lucía had a total of $50$ followers.
Solve
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In the school library, the librarian tells us that $\frac{12}{30}$ of the books are adventure books. Help him simplify this fraction to put on a poster: a) Divide the…

In the school library, the librarian tells us that $\frac{12}{30}$ of the books are adventure books. Help him simplify this fraction to put on a poster:

  1. a) Divide the numerator and the denominator by $2$.
  2. b) Divide the previous result by $3$.
  3. c) Is the fraction obtained in part b in its simplest form? Why?
Solve
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Simplify the following fractions to their simplest form. To do this, use the method of dividing the numerator and denominator by their highest common factor (HCF): a)…

Simplify the following fractions to their simplest form. To do this, use the method of dividing the numerator and denominator by their highest common factor (HCF):

  1. a) $\dfrac{126}{180}$
  1. b) $\dfrac{210}{315}$
  1. c) $\dfrac{154}{198}$
Solve

Finding the unknown term

Cross-product diagram linking numerators and denominators to find the unknown term. 42/60 = x/90 42 · 90 = 60 · x x = 63
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Copy into your notebook and complete the missing value in each case so that the pairs of fractions are equivalent: a) $\frac{1}{3} = \frac{\Box}{12}$ b)…

Copy into your notebook and complete the missing value in each case so that the pairs of fractions are equivalent:

  1. a) $\frac{1}{3} = \frac{\Box}{12}$
  1. b) $\frac{10}{15} = \frac{2}{\Box}$
  1. c) $\frac{\Box}{7} = \frac{20}{28}$
Solve
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In an esports competition, one player has completed $42$ of the $60$ levels of a video game. Another player has completed the same proportion of levels, but the game…

In an esports competition, one player has completed $42$ of the $60$ levels of a video game. Another player has completed the same proportion of levels, but the game they are playing has a total of $90$ levels. How many levels has the second player completed? Solve this by finding the unknown term $x$ in the equivalent fractions equation.

Solve
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Find the value of the unknown $n$ in each of the following equalities so that the fractions are equivalent: a) $\dfrac{n}{15} = \dfrac{12}{45}$ b)…

Find the value of the unknown $n$ in each of the following equalities so that the fractions are equivalent:

  1. a) $\dfrac{n}{15} = \dfrac{12}{45}$
  1. b) $\dfrac{7}{n} = \dfrac{28}{36}$
  1. c) $\dfrac{10}{18} = \dfrac{25}{n}$
Solve

Recognising equivalent fractions in a list

When you have a list of fractions, simplifying them all to their simplest form is the safest way to see which ones are equivalent to each other.

Diagram grouping several fractions that simplify to three fifths, alongside one fraction that is not equivalent. 6/10, 15/25, 24/40, 9/15 → all 3/5 18/32 → 9/16, different
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Identify, from the following list, which fractions are equivalent to $\frac{2}{3}$: $$\frac{4}{6}, \quad \frac{5}{9}, \quad \frac{10}{15}, \quad \frac{6}{8}, \quad…

Identify, from the following list, which fractions are equivalent to $\frac{2}{3}$:

$$\frac{4}{6}, \quad \frac{5}{9}, \quad \frac{10}{15}, \quad \frac{6}{8}, \quad \frac{20}{30}$$
Solve
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From the following fractions, identify which one does not belong to the group of equivalent fractions. Justify your answer by simplifying all of them to their simplest…

From the following fractions, identify which one does not belong to the group of equivalent fractions. Justify your answer by simplifying all of them to their simplest form.

$$\dfrac{6}{10}, \dfrac{15}{25}, \dfrac{24}{40}, \dfrac{18}{32}, \dfrac{9}{15}$$
Solve

Summary

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