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Derivatives · Derivative

The derivative function

So far you have calculated $f'(a)$ for a specific point $a$. But the same limit can be set up for any $x$: the result is no longer a number, but another function, $f'(x)$, which gives the derivative at each point of the domain.

Before you start, make sure you know: Concept of the derivative (4th ESO)
Before you start, make sure you know: Increase, maxima and minima (4th ESO)

The derivative function

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Apply the definition of the derivative using the limit calculation $f'(x) = \lim_{h \to 0} \frac{f(x+h) - f(x)}{h}$ to find the derivative function of…

Apply the definition of the derivative using the limit calculation $f'(x) = \lim_{h \to 0} \frac{f(x+h) - f(x)}{h}$ to find the derivative function of $f(x) = 3x^2 - 5x + 2$.

Solve

Domain of differentiability

Comparison between the domain of a function and that of its derivative, showing that the domain of the derivative excludes a corner point. domain of f domain of f' (without the corner point)
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Consider the function defined using a modulus $f(x) = |x^2 - 4|$. Express $f(x)$ as a piecewise function and calculate its derivative function $f'(x)$. Prove…

Consider the function defined using a modulus $f(x) = |x^2 - 4|$.

x y −2 2 f(x)

Express $f(x)$ as a piecewise function and calculate its derivative function $f'(x)$. Prove analytically why the function is not differentiable at the corner points indicated on the graph.

Solve

The sign of $f'(x)$ tells the story of how $f$ increases or decreases

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Observe the graph of the function $f(x)$ representing the trajectory of a projectile as a function of time. From the visual representation, determine the sign of the…

Observe the graph of the function $f(x)$ representing the trajectory of a projectile as a function of time.

x y 2 1 3 f(x)

From the visual representation, determine the sign of the derivative function $f'(x)$ at the x-coordinates $x = 1$, $x = 2$, and $x = 3$. Justify your answer based on the geometric concept of the derivative.

Solve
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The following graph represents the derivative function $f'(x)$ of a continuous function $f(x)$ across all of $\mathbb{R}$. Observing exclusively the behaviour of…

The following graph represents the derivative function $f'(x)$ of a continuous function $f(x)$ across all of $\mathbb{R}$.

x y −2 2 f'(x)

Observing exclusively the behaviour of $f'(x)$, determine the intervals where the original function $f(x)$ is increasing and where it is decreasing. At which x-coordinates will $f(x)$ have relative extrema?

Solve

Relative extrema: $f'(x) = 0$

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Find the x-coordinates of the points on the curve $f(x) = e^{3x}(x^2 - 4x + 2)$ at which the tangent line is horizontal.

Find the x-coordinates of the points on the curve $f(x) = e^{3x}(x^2 - 4x + 2)$ at which the tangent line is horizontal.

Solve

The second derivative

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Determine the second derivative, $f''(x)$, of the function $f(x) = x^4 \cdot \ln(x)$.

Determine the second derivative, $f''(x)$, of the function $f(x) = x^4 \cdot \ln(x)$.

Solve

Summary

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