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ESO Y1 · Mathematics
Numbers · Integers

Representing numbers on the number line

An explorer is searching for treasure: it is $5$ units away from the point $-2$. Which number could it be at? With the number line, this kind of clue can be seen just by looking at a drawing.

Placing integers on the number line

Number line with the origin at $0$, showing the negative integers to the left and the positive integers to the right between $-2$ and $+2$. ← negativespositives → −2−10+1+2 origin

Drag the point and observe how its integer position and its sign change.

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Look at the following number line and identify which integer corresponds to each of the letters marked with a dot:

Look at the following number line and identify which integer corresponds to each of the letters marked with a dot:

0 1 C B A
Solve
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Draw a number line in your notebook and represent the following integers on it: $+4$, $-3$, $0$, $+1$ and $-5$. Use a distance of $1$ cm between each number.

Draw a number line in your notebook and represent the following integers on it: $+4$, $-3$, $0$, $+1$ and $-5$. Use a distance of $1$ cm between each number.

Solve

Distance between two points

The distance between two integers on the number line is the absolute value of their difference: you count how many steps separate one point from the other.

Number line representing the distance of $15$ units between the points $-6$ and $+9$, broken down into $6$ and $9$ units on either side of $0$. distance = 15 −60+9 69
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Remember that on the number line, the further to the right a number is, the greater it is. Based on this, use the symbols $>$ (greater than) or $<$ (less than) to…

Remember that on the number line, the further to the right a number is, the greater it is. Based on this, use the symbols $>$ (greater than) or $<$ (less than) to compare these pairs of numbers:

  1. a) $-4$ _____ $+2$
  2. b) $-1$ _____ $-5$
  3. c) $+3$ _____ $0$
  4. d) $-2$ _____ $+1$
Smaller Greater −6 −5 −4 −3 −2 −1 0 +1 +2 +3 +4 +5 +6
Solve
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Look at the following number line on which three points, $A$, $B$, and $C$, have been marked. Taking into account the positions of the numbers $0$ and $+2$, identify…

Look at the following number line on which three points, $A$, $B$, and $C$, have been marked. Taking into account the positions of the numbers $0$ and $+2$, identify which integer each letter represents.

2 units 0 +2 A B C
Solve

The midpoint

The midpoint between two numbers is exactly the same distance from both.

Number line representing the midpoint $-2$, equidistant by $4$ units from the endpoints $-6$ and $+2$. midpoint = −2 −6−2+2 44
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On the number line, the midpoint between two integers is the position that is exactly the same distance from both. Represent the numbers $-6$ and $+2$. Visually find the…

On the number line, the midpoint between two integers is the position that is exactly the same distance from both.

  • Represent the numbers $-6$ and $+2$.

  • Visually find the midpoint between them and state what number it represents.

  • What is the distance (in units) from that midpoint to either of the two endpoints?

Solve
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Draw a number line and plot the number $-3$ on it. Next, represent: Point $A$, which is the opposite of $-3$. Point $B$, which is $5$ units to the left of $-3$. Point…

Draw a number line and plot the number $-3$ on it. Next, represent:

  • Point $A$, which is the opposite of $-3$.

  • Point $B$, which is $5$ units to the left of $-3$.

  • Point $C$, which is $2$ units to the right of $A$.

Which number does point $C$ represent? Which is the smallest of the four numbers marked on the line?

You can do it on paper and send a photo with your answer.

Solve

Points that satisfy a condition

Sometimes you are not given the number directly, but clues about its distance or its absolute value, and you have to find it by looking at the number line.

Number line with the zone |x| ≤ 6 (from -6 to +6), the integers excluded for being 4 units or less from -3, and, highlighted, the solution integers from +2 to +6. excluded (close to −3) solutions −6−30+2+6 |x| ≤ 6
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Draw a number line and represent on it all the integers $x$ that simultaneously satisfy these two conditions: 1. Their absolute value is less than $5$, that is:…

Draw a number line and represent on it all the integers $x$ that simultaneously satisfy these two conditions:

  1. Their absolute value is less than $5$, that is: $|x| < 5$.

  2. They are numbers strictly less than $-1$.

You can do it on paper and send a photo with your answer.

Solve
Practice★★☆Not started
Represent the following integers on a number line. Choose a suitable scale (where each mark on the line can represent more than 1 unit) so that they all fit in your…

Represent the following integers on a number line. Choose a suitable scale (where each mark on the line can represent more than 1 unit) so that they all fit in your drawing:

$S = \{ -15, +5, -20, +25, 0, -5 \}$

Solve

Back to the beginning: The treasure can be to the right ($-2 + 5 = +3$) or to the left ($-2 - 5 = -7$). So there are two possible positions: $+3$ and $-7$.

Summary

See all the exercises in this section