Exercises: Non-linear systems

Solve the following non-linear system, which represents the intersection between a parabola and a line:

$y = x^2 - 4x + 3$

$y = x - 1$

Find the solutions of the following system formed by the equation of a circle and a line:

$x^2 + y^2 = 25$

$x + y = 7$

Find the values of $x$ and $y$ that satisfy the following system:

$xy = 12$

$x - y = 4$

Solve the following system of exponential equations, expressing both powers with the same base:

$2^{x+y} = 32$

$2^{x-y} = 2$

Determine the solution of the logarithmic system, applying the properties of logarithms:

$\log x + \log y = 1$

$x - y = 3$

Solve the following system containing algebraic fractions:

$\frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{y} = \frac{5}{6}$

$xy = 6$

Solve the following radical system. Make sure to check if the obtained solution is valid in the original equation:

$\sqrt{x} + y = 5$

$x - y = 1$

The sum of two positive numbers is $10$ and the sum of their squares is $58$. Set up a non-linear system of equations and solve it to find these numbers.

A rectangular plot has a perimeter of $40$ ft and an area of $96$ sq ft$^2$. Set up a non-linear system of equations to calculate the dimensions of the plot and solve it.

Solve the following system of exponential equations by applying a suitable change of variable:

$3^x + 2^y = 11$

$3^{x+1} - 2^{y-1} = 26$

Solve the logarithmic and quadratic system, checking the validity of the obtained solution:

$\log(x) - \log(y) = 1$

$x^2 - y^2 = 99$

Find the solution of the following radical system:

$\sqrt{x+y} + \sqrt{x-y} = 4$

$x - y = 4$

A cyclist completes a journey of $60$ miles at a constant speed. If they had traveled $2$ mph faster, they would have taken $1$ hour less to complete the route. Set up and solve a non-linear system to find the average speed $v$ and the time $t$ taken.

A group of friends decides to buy a birthday present that costs $\$120$, dividing the payment equally. At the last minute, two more friends join the group, which reduces each person's share by $\$3$. Set up and solve a system to find how many friends there were initially and how much each paid.

In a right triangle, the hypotenuse measures $13$ inches and the total perimeter is $30$ inches. Set up a system of equations to determine the length of the two legs.

Solve the following system formed by a rational equation and a quadratic equation:

$\frac{x+y}{x-y} = 5$

$x^2 + y^2 = 13$

The circular orbit of a satellite in a frame of reference follows the equation $x^2 + y^2 = 25$, while the trajectory of a comet describes the hyperbola $xy = 12$. Solve the system to find the exact coordinates of the points of intersection of both trajectories.

Discuss for which values of the parameter $k$ the following system has exactly one solution (this is geometrically equivalent to the condition of tangency between the circle and the line):

$x^2 + y^2 = 10$

$x + y = k$

Solve the following mixed system combining exponential and logarithmic equations:

$2^x \cdot 2^y = 64$

$\log_2 x + \log_2 y = 3$

Solve the system of higher degree equations. (Hint: use algebraic identities and factor to simplify the first equation):

$x^3 + y^3 = 35$

$x + y = 5$

A cylindrical sheet metal tank has an internal volume of $54\pi$ cubic feet and a lateral area (excluding the bases) of $36\pi$ square feet. Set up a system to find the base radius $r$ and the height $h$ of the cylinder, and solve it.

A principal $C$ is invested at an annual compound interest rate $r$ (expressed as a decimal). At the end of the first year, the amount generated is $\$11000$. At the end of the second year, the amount rises to $\$12100$. Set up a non-linear system to calculate the initial principal $C$ and the interest rate $r$, and solve it.

Solve the following logarithmic system by applying the properties of change of base and substitution:

$\log_y x + \log_x y = \frac{5}{2}$

$xy = 27$

Solve the following radical system, making sure to check which solutions are valid by analyzing the domain of the radicals:

$\sqrt{x^2 - y^2} = \sqrt{33}$

$x + y = 11$